Weismann's famous test of inheritance assumes that inherited traits will persist in the absence of the environment that first produced them; while, on the other hand, environmental traits are more transitory. The purpose of this paper is to show that this Weismannian criterion is inconsistent and equivocal, and should, therefore, be recognized as one of the obsolete dogmas of heredity. Equivocal interpretation of relevant experiments is possible. Failure to distinguish active from passive environmental changes has been responsible for much confusion (...) in genetic thinking. It is argued that the Lamarckian problem is a spurious problem—the illegitimate offspring of an equivocal distinction between inherited and acquired characteristics. Also considered are: homeostasis and heredity, the chemical theory of development, inadequacies in germinal theories, and genetic relationship between life levels. 26 references. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved). (shrink)